Atlantic Ocean oil development in Canada, U.S.

Canadian oil company Husky Energy has announced a decision to develop its West White Rose Project offshore Newfoundland and Labrador.  Meanwhile the U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service has proposed authorizing the take of marine mammals incidental to geophysical surveys in the Atlantic Ocean relating to hydrocarbon development.

Husky Energy is a Canada-based publicly traded energy company.  It is the operator of the White Rose field, discovered in 1984 about 350 kilometres east of St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, in water depths of about 120 meters.  Commercial oil production from the main White Rose field began in 2005; since then, over 275 million barrels of oil has been produced.  Husky holds working interests in the main field as well as satellite fields.

The oil and gas industry is the largest contributor to Newfoundland and Labrador's gross domestic production.  Husky's May 28, 2017 announcement relates to its West White Rose development.  Husky says it and project partners Suncor Energy and Nalcor Energy – Oil and Gas will use a fixed wellhead platform, tied back to the SeaRose floating production, storage and offloading (FPSO) vessel. According to Husky, the tie-back to the SeaRose FPSO vessel "will enable the Company to maximize resource recovery," with "incremental operating costs are expected to be less than $3 per barrel over the first 10 years."  Husky expects a net project cost of $2.2 billion to first oil in 2022, and a gross peak production rate of approximately 75,000 barrels per day (bbls/day) in 2025. 

Meanwhile, U.S. regulators have proposed removing one obstacle to oil and gas prospecting in the Atlantic Ocean.  The U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service has published notice of five proposed authorizations for harassment or take of marine mammals incidental to geophysical surveys in the Atlantic Ocean.  The federal Marine Mammal Protection Act allows the Secretary of Commerce to permit the incidental, but not intentional, harassment or taking of small numbers of marine mammals by U.S. citizens who engage in a specified activity.  In 2014-2015, NMFS "received five separate requests for authorization for take of marine mammals incidental to geophysical surveys in support of hydrocarbon exploration in the Atlantic Ocean."  The applicants proposed "to conduct two-dimensional (2D) marine seismic surveys using airgun arrays" within the U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone "(i.e., to 200 nautical miles (nmi)) from Delaware to approximately Cape Canaveral, Florida and corresponding with BOEM’s Mid- and South Atlantic OCS planning areas, as well as additional waters out to 350 nmi from shore."

NMFS's proposal to issue the incidental take or harassment permits now faces public comment, before a final agency decision.

Muskrat Falls megahydro cost increases

The Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador is promoting the development of a multi-phase, gigawatt-scale hydropower project on the Churchill River in Labrador.  But estimates of the so-called megaproject's construction costs continue to mount, now reaching nearly $7 billion (Canadian).

The Churchill River drains much of western Labrador, combining large volumes of water with a significant drop in elevation.  For these reasons, Canadian provinces and utilities have long sought to harness its power.  In 1971, the Churchill Falls dam and hydropower plant came online; today, the Churchill Falls facility can generate 5,428 megawatts of power, giving it the second largest capacity of any power station in North America.

In 2010, Newfoundland and Labrador utility Nalcor Energy and Nova Scotia utility Emera announced the Lower Churchill project.  The first phase proposed, Muskrat Falls, entails the construction of a dam with an 824 megawatt power house, with the subsequent Gull Falls dam bringing the proposed Lower Churchill project's total capacity to over 3,000 megawatts.  The Muskrat Falls project received a key approval by provincial government in December 2012, and construction is now underway.  90 per cent of the project contracts have been awarded, and 98 per cent of the engineering on the project has been done.

Back in 2010 when Nalcor and Emera first announced the project, the cost forecast for the Newfoundland and Labrador portion was $5 billion.  But as the St. John's Telegram reports, the latest cost estimate for building the Muskrat Falls project has jumped by about $800 million, to $6.99 billion.

This estimate does not include the cost of the Maritime Link transmission system to be built by Emera, connecting Newfoundland to Nova Scotia via undersea cable.  The Maritime Link is expected to cost an additional $1.5 billion.

Despite the cost overruns, the project is reported to be on schedule to be completed in 2017.

Bangor Hydro is proceeding with an $8 million investment in smart grid infrastructure, despite not winning federal stimulus funding to support the project. Bangor Hydro plans to build on the company’s existing "advanced metering infrastructure". The utility projects this may add 50 cents to the typical residential bill.

Meanwhile, CMP's $190 million plan to install a new automated meter system at homes and businesses -- which did win $96 million in stimulus funding -- is drawing opposition from members of the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers Local 1837. The union laborers are concerned that the automated meters will lead to 141 layoffs, including 85 meter readers. The Maine Public Utilities Commission is holding a public hearing today in Hallowell on the plan. CMP anticipates installing the meters in 2010 and 2011.

In Canadian news, through government utility Nalcor, Newfoundland and Labrador are commencing legal action against Hydro-Quebec over the Upper Churchill power sales agreements. Under the existing long-term contract, HQ pays one quarter of one-cent per kWh, and one-fifth of one cent for the 25 years starting in 2016 -- less than 5 per cent of the power's commercial value. According to Newfoundland and Labrador Premier Danny Williams, in 2008, Hydro-Québec reaped profits of about $1.7 billion from the Upper Churchill hydro dams, while owner Newfoundland and Labrador was paid $63 million. Nalcor will also ask Quebec's Régie de l'Énergie to require HQ to provide access to its transmission system for export of power from the proposed Lower Churchill expansion project.

Also in Canadian news, there's been an odd wrinkle in the HQ acquisition of NB Power. A leaked document suggests that New Brunswick's power transmission and distribution systems are no longer for sale; NB Power would continue to operate as a New Brunswick-owned and operated Crown corporation. The revised deal is reportedly now worth $3.2 billion and would still include hydroelectric facilities and the Point Lepreau nuclear power plant near Saint John, N.B. Under the revision, the 5 year rate freeze for residentials would remain in place, but industrials face a smaller rate reduction. The revised deal was reached by the provincial Liberal government after significant criticism that it, like the Upper Churchill contract, gave too much power to Quebec.